Today, any breed can participate in the sport, though some breed clubs run trials for just their single-breed members. It is only by testing the working ability of every generation that the strong working characteristics of the GSD have been maintained. Only German Shepherds that had passed a Schutzhund test or a herding test were allowed to breed and thus have their progeny registered as German Shepherd Dogs. Schutzhund was developed at this time as a test of working ability for German Shepherds. Within a few years it was clear that the dogs were losing their working ability. The German Shepherd was developed from working herding dogs around 1900 as an all-around working dog. Breeders can use this insight to determine how and whether to use the dog in producing the next generation of working dogs. The goal of Schutzhund is to illuminate the character and ability of a dog through training. Schutzhund also tests for physical traits such as strength, endurance, agility, and scenting ability. The purpose of Schutzhund is to identify dogs that have, or do not have, the character traits required for these demanding jobs such as a strong desire to work, courage, intelligence, trainability, strong bond to the handler, perseverance, protective instinct, and a good sense of smell. Dogs trained in Schutzhund are suitable for a wide variety of working tasks: police work, specific odor detection, search and rescue, and many others. Schutzhund tests dogs for the traits necessary for police-type work. A schutzhund dog must have confidence and self-control. The best dogs can qualify to participate in national and international level championships. Dog owners and handlers participate in Schutzhund clubs as a group activity for training the dogs, and clubs sponsor trials to test the dogs and award titles.
Though any breed of dog can participate, today the sport is dominated by German Shepherds and the Belgian Malinois breed.
It was developed in Germany in the early 1900s as a suitability test for German Shepherds, but soon became the model for training and evaluating all five of the German protection breeds, which included Boxer, Dobermann, Riesenschnauzer, and Rottweiler. Schutzhund (/'ʃʊtshʊnt/, German for "protection dog" ), currently known competitively as IGP and previously as IPO, is a dog sport that tests a dog's tracking, obedience, and protection skills, and evaluates if a dog has the appropriate traits and characteristics of a good working dog. The Obedience Phase in Schutzhund at 2010 FCI World Championship Finland
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